Garden Myths Vegetables

FYO: No, You Don’t Need to Remove Suckers from Tomato Plants

Contrary to popular belief, tomatoes do not produce suckers. Many gardeners will no doubt be shocked to hear that, because they were always told they had to remove these suckers. But a sucker is, by definition, a stem that doesn’t produce fruit. So-called tomato suckers (if allowed to grow, at least) will produce both flowers and fruits. 

These “suckers”, which grow from the leaf axils, are simply secondary stems. Studies show that unpruned tomatoes produce more fruit than pruned ones, although the fruit may be slightly smaller. Still, there is a net gain in total tomato production by weight, so you get more “tomato” to eat by not pruning … sometimes considerably more (under good conditions, unpruned tomatoes often produce twice as many fruits).

“Now wait a minute”, I can hear you saying, “won’t those suckers sap my plant’s energy?” No, quite the contrary. Secondary stems bear green leaves and everything that is green on a plant carries on photosynthesis, that is, converts sunlight into energy. So, these supposed “suckers” actually give the plant more energy.

It is hard to attach more than one tomato stem to a stake, so if you stake your tomatoes, by all means prune out any secondary stems you can’t handle … just don’t call them suckers. If you use a tomato cage, though, and these days most gardeners do, it will support the secondary stems very nicely and you don’t have to prune anything … well, at least until the end of the season, when it is worthwhile pinching off late-season blooms that won’t have time to produce mature fruit. But leave green foliage on the plant as long as there are still tomatoes to harvest.

Removing suckers: yet another useless task the laidback gardener skip!

For further details, here’s a more in-depth article on the subject: The Truth About Tomato Suckers

Garden writer and blogger, author of 65 gardening books, lecturer and communicator, the Laidback Gardener, Larry Hodgson, passed away in October 2022. Known for his great generosity, his thoroughness and his sense of humor, he reached several generations of amateur and professional gardeners over his 40-year career. Thanks to his son, Mathieu Hodgson, and a team of contributors, laidbackgardener.blog will continue its mission of demystifying gardening and making it more accessible to all.

5 comments on “FYO: No, You Don’t Need to Remove Suckers from Tomato Plants

  1. In colder climates when growing tomatoes not in a greenhouse removal of suckers might help ripening your tomatoes faster and preventing foliar disease. When tomatoes have too much foliage this prevents proper airing and Leads to moisture buildup. This are my reasons for removing suckers and growing tomatoes max. with 2 stems. But I hope to be wrong as I would love to skip this chores in my garden. ?

  2. Pingback: Eight Common Gardening Myths - Laidback Gardener

  3. People actually do that? Some of us pinch the dominant terminal bud on some types to promote more growth of axillary stems.
    Suckers are shoots from below a graft union. They must be removed from fruit trees, not because they do not produce fruit, but because they produce the wrong sort of fruit, and can grow more vigorously and overwhelm the desired grafted part of the affected tree. Citrus suckers are severely thorny, and make huge but worthless watery fruit. The understock (below the graft union) is there just to provide healthy and well dispersed roots. For many types of fruit trees, it keeps the trees compact. It is not grown for fruit.
    Grafted tomatoes can develop suckers from below the graft, but that is a weird invention anyway.

  4. Excellent info. My tomatoes haven’t grown more than a couple inches in the last five weeks because of the never ending rain. I must admit I’ve never watched plants that look healthy but don’t grow. We have probably not averaged more than one partial or full day of sun per week in the last month.

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