Harmful insects Houseplants

When Thrips Attack African Violet Flowers

By Larry Hodgson

Question: I have a collection of African violets. I must have brought some thrips home by accident, as they’re now in the flowers of all my plants! No matter how much I treat with insecticidal soap, I can’t seem to get them all and they keep coming back. I know there are systemic insecticides, but I don’t want to use products that are harmful to the environment and myself. Are there natural systemic products? Or do you have other tips on controlling them?

Joanne Lacroix

Answer: First, just so other readers understand the situation, thrips are tiny insects that scrape the tissues of plants and thus cause distorted growth. They spread to other plants mostly by jumping, but also by flying, and are difficult to control.

A western flower thrips.
Western flower thrips are so small that they usually go sight unseen. If you blow on the flower, however, you should be able to see them scurry away. Photo: Frank Peairs, Colorado State University, Bugwood.org

The species that attacks the flowers of African violets (formerly Saintpaulia ionantha; now Streptocarpus ionanthus) is the western flower thrips* (Frankliniella occidentalis). It feeds on flower pollen and cuts holes into the yellow anthers in the center of African violet blooms, spreading pale pollen on nearby flower petals.

*Note that “thrips,” with an “s,” is both plural and singular.

The bad news is, no, there are no effective organic insecticides that are systemic. In fact, most systemic insecticides, that is, insecticides that are absorbed by plants and then circulate in their sap, making the whole plant poisonous, are synthetic (chemical) ones. And in many areas, you wouldn’t be able to buy them anyway, as synthetic systemic insecticides are considered dangerous to human health and their domestic use largely has been banned, although they may still be available to farmers or trained horticulturists. Examples of chemical systemic insecticides that are usually not available to home gardeners include Cygon and the various neonicotinoid insecticides.

Of course, there is neem oil, which is certainly organic, as it is made from a tropical tree (Azadirachta indica), which is said to have a certain systemic effect. However, in this specific case, it is not considered effective enough to eradicate flower thrips and thus the insects quickly return once the treatment is over.

African Violets Resistant to Flower Thrips

Two pollen free African violets, LooXo Gorgeous and LooXo Amazing.
LooXo African violets don’t have the yellow anthers usually found in the center of African violet flowers. Thus, they don’t produce pollen and don’t attract flower thrips. Above ‘LooXo Gorgeous’ (left) and ‘LooXo Amazing’ (right). Photos: Optimara

There is now a series of African violets that produces flowers without anthers and therefore without pollen. And since they have no pollen, western flower thrips have no reason to visit these plants. The series is called LooXo (pronounce it Looks So) and was introduced by Optimara, a major American producer of African violets.

A Pesticide-free Treatment

That said, there is a way to suppress flower thrips without using insecticides.

Since the western flower thrips necessarily spends part of its multistage life cycle in flowers or seed pods, if you remove all the flowers and flower buds, they’ll have nothing to feed on. That will, of course, prevent them from reproducing. However, you have carry this out for 3 full months, removing all flower buds as soon as you see them, if you want this method to be effective.

In addition, you can’t allow other plants to bloom either, as the western flower thrips visits many other types of blooms. So, you’ll have to remove the flowers from all your other plants over 3 months as well.

Even though you might find it disappointing to see no flowers for 3 months, imagine the profusion of bloom you’ll see afterwards, as your plants will store their energy and flower like never before when the treatment finally does end!

To learn more about thrips, read Thrips: The No-See-Sum Plant Pest.

5 comments on “When Thrips Attack African Violet Flowers

  1. Good to know. Thrips are a giant pain no matter in or out of doors.

  2. R W Watson

    Well-written and informative! Great alternative to sprays to remove the food source of the thrips.

  3. Great tip about removing blooms for three months. This is the sort of information that keeps me coming back to this blog.

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