Houseplants Saving seed

Multiplying Amaryllis by Seed Is Child’s Play!

Following in the footsteps of the poinsettia, the amaryllis is another sure-fire hit in the floral world of the holiday season. With its spectacular flowering, the plant arouses interest and curiosity. Its popularity has not waned since its introduction in the second half of the 17th century. Today, there are over eighty species, all native to South America.

Amaryllis (Hippeastrum sp.) Amaryllidaceae family. Photo: Mathieu Gaudreault

Steps for Propagating Amaryllis by Seed

Although amaryllis is often propagated by taking the young bulbs that form at the base of the mother bulb, sowing is an extremely rewarding practice, especially with children! Even if the plants obtained by sowing require a few years’ growth before flowering, the technique is nonetheless flourishing, since a single capsule (the fruit of the amaryllis) can produce over 200 plants. Interesting, isn’t it?

However, if there are no pollinators in the house, you’ll have to carry out this important task yourself to ensure the production of fruit and seeds. The pollination method involves sprinkling pollen from the pollen sacs (the anthers on the stamens) onto the stigma (the tip of the pistil) using a small, soft-bristled brush.

Illustration: Mathieu Gaudreault

Is the Pollen Ready?

Before proceeding with brush pollination, make sure the pollen is ready. You’ll notice that it’s powdery and that yellow grains will stick to your fingers when touched.

Pollen ready for pollination! Photo: Mathieu Gaudreault
Equipped with a paintbrush, children love this step. A great way to introduce them to botany! Photo: Alexie Gauthier

For the rest, you’ll need to be patient, as the Amaryllis fruit can take several weeks to produce, and its final ripening will require a few more weeks before releasing its beautiful black seeds, which are essential for reproduction.

If pollination is successful, here’s what you’ll get: on the left, fruits (capsules) that are forming, and on the right, ripe capsules that will open on their own. Time to harvest the seeds! Photos: Marco Duplessis

Sowing Time

Once you’ve harvested the seeds, you can broadcast them into an open tray, as there are so many of them that sowing them one by one can be tricky. The potting soil we use is a general-purpose potting soil, but seedling potting soil and even vermiculite are of course perfectly suitable. Germination is rapid, and after ten days or so, the first seedlings are showing their first cotyledons.

Appearance of cotyledons (first leaves) from open box seedlings. Photo: Mathieu Gaudreault

And Repotting

It’s important to wait until the second or third leaf appears before transplanting into multicells. We work with multi-cell trays of 50 or 2” pots.

Fortunately, the repotting stage takes place in June, so everyone out, let’s repot! Photo: Chantal Gauthier
Here, a year later, are several small, vigorous amaryllis plants. Now it’s time to be patient for the first bloom. Photo: Mathieu Gaudreault

Short Production Schedule

Here’s a timetable based on planting the mother bulb in the second week of November. It is therefore intended as a guide only.

  • Amaryllis flowering: around December 25
  • Amaryllis pollination: mid-January
  • Fruit ripening: end of February
  • Sowing: mid-March
  • Transplanting: end of June
  • Flowering of new Amaryllis: 3 to 5 years after transplanting

Chantal Gauthier and Mathieu Gaudreault are both horticulturists and teachers at the Centre de formation Fierbourg in Quebec City, in the Horticultural Production and Horticulture and Garden Center programs. Passionate about the plant world, they enthusiastically scour botanical gardens, parks, forests and horticultural events, always on the lookout for inspiring finds. Their infectious passion is passed on not only to their students, but also to those around them, earning them the nickname Plant geeks.

2 comments on “Multiplying Amaryllis by Seed Is Child’s Play!

  1. This would really be a fun project as I have many different varieties. Interesting to see what would develop from amateur hybridizing. The only downside would be finding the space for so many little plants. Great post!

  2. The simple species (not a cultivar) of Amaryllis belladonna is naturalized and grows wild on roadsides here. Although they are pretty, it would be nice if they bloomed with some other color. I found a few white bulbs, so am promoting their multiplication by division, although they do not bloom much if so regularly disrupted by division.

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